Tungsten’s moolelo

ʻO Tungsten carbide kahi mea i hui pū ʻia me ka WC ma ke ʻano paʻakikī a me ka cobalt (Co) ma ke ʻano binder.Hiki ke huli ʻia ka mōʻaukala o kēia pūhui i ka makahiki 1700s. I kēlā manawa, ua ʻike ka poʻe miners ma nā mauna ʻo Erz ma Saxony Kelemānia e hoʻopilikia kekahi ores i ka hōʻemi ʻana ocassiterite a hana i ka pala.BʻO ka tungsteni unuhi mua ia mai loko mai o ka oka wolframitena Juan JoseD’ʻO Elhuyar a me kona kaikaina ʻo Fausto. They i loaʻahoemi wale i ka tungstic acid me ka lanahu e hana i ka metala.Ma ka hana ʻana pēlā, ʻike ʻole lākou ʻo ka helu hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe loa o kēia mea3422degere Celsius----ʻO ka metala me ka helu heheʻe kiʻekiʻe loama luna o ʻelua manawa o ka helu heheʻe o platinum.I ka makahiki 1841, ua loaʻa i ka chemist Robert Oxland nā kuleana patent Pelekania no ka hana ʻana o ka sodium tungstate, tungstic acid, a me metallic tungsten. He holomua nui kēia i ka mōʻaukala hou o ke kemika tungsten a wehe i ke ala no ka hana ʻana o ka tungsten.

I ka makahiki 1896, ua lawe mai ka hana kuʻuna o ka tungsten carbide i nā hoʻololi kipi i ka ʻoihana a he hopena nui i ka lehulehu holoʻokoʻa.It ua ikeia eHenri Moissanʻo wai kaLoaʻa ka makana Nobelr. Ke ʻimi nei e hanaan daimana hana, ke kō a me ka tungsten oxide i loko o ka umu ahi. ʻO ke kō ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa no ka oxide e hana aie tungsten carbide hehee. Ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau waiwai i makemake ʻia, akā ʻoi aku ka palupalu i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano kalepa.Haiʻole, Na Osram Lamp Works o Berlin ʻo waiʻikezedka hiki o ka carbide Ua loaʻa koke i ka manawa kūpono e hoʻomohala i ka sima metala, me nā ʻāpana tungsten carbide i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi matrix cobalt. Paʻakikī loa ka carbide a ʻehā nō hoʻi ka mānoanoa o ka titanium. ʻO ka iUa hoʻohana koke ʻo ndustry i ka pūhui metala i kāna hana hana. 

In 1913, He hemahemaofʻO nā daimana ʻoihana ma Kelemania e alakaʻi i nā mea noiʻi e ʻimi i kahi ʻē aʻe i make daimana, i hoʻohana ʻia e huki uea.

Ke hāʻawi nei kahi hui ʻōpala uila Kelemania i kahi patent no ka tungsten carbide a paakiki paha metala i ka makahiki 1923. Hana ʻia e ka "cementing"loamon tungsten paʻakikīo carbide (WC) ʻai i loko o ka mea hoʻopaʻa paʻa o ka metala kobalt paʻakikī e ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka wai. Ua hoʻololi ka hopena i ka mōʻaukala o tungsten: kahi meakēlāhoʻohui i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ka paʻakikī, a me ka paakiki kiekie.

I ka wā o ka honuaWWII, ʻO ka poʻe Kelemania ka mea mua i hoʻohana i ka tungsten carbide core ma ke kiʻekiʻe-pale kaua velocity-piercing projectiles. ʻAneʻane “heheʻe” nā kaʻa kaʻa Pelekane i ka wā i pā ʻia e kēia mau pahu pahu tungsten carbide.

ʻO ka1950s: Hoʻomaka ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hao, nickel, a me ka cobalt-based superalloys e hoʻopiha i ka pono o kahi mea hiki ke kū i nā wela kupaianaha o nā mīkini jet.

1960-1990: ʻO Tungsten carbideloapaakiki,ʻO daimanaʻo ka mea maoli wale nō e hiki ke ʻoki.

NowUa laha loa ka carbide adays tungsten, a ua komo pū kāna nois ʻoki metala, hana ʻana i ka lāʻau, hui ʻia, nā seramika palupalu, hana ʻole (wela a me ke anu), ka mining, ke kūkulu ʻana, ka ʻeli pōhaku, nā ʻāpana hana, nā ʻāpana lole, a me nā ʻāpana koa. Mai ke kaʻa paikikala keu tino nā mea hana ʻoki pololei, paʻakikī ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi huahana lōʻihi ʻaʻole hoʻohana i kekahi ʻano carbid.e.