The Working Principle of Rotary Water Well Drilling Rig-1

The rotary water well drilling rig mainly relies on the rotary motion of the drilling tool to break the rock formation and form the hole. Common ones are large and small pot cone drilling rigs, forward and reverse circulation rotary drilling rigs, hydraulic power head drilling rigs, and down-the-hole vibration rotary drilling rigs. 

A simple rotary drilling rig only has a drilling device, while a well-structured rotary drilling rig consists of a drilling device and a circulating well cleaning device. The drilling tool of the rotary-table water well drilling rig includes a drill pipe and a drill bit. The nominal diameters of commonly used drill pipes are 60, 73, 76, 89, 102, and 114 mm. 

Drills are divided into two categories: drills for full drilling and drills for annular drilling. The large and small pot cones use their pot cone drills to rotate and cut the soil layer. 

According to the size of the drilling tools, they are called large pot cones and small pot cones, which can be driven by human power or machinery power.

The rotary drilling rig commonly used in positive and negative circulation mud washing rotary drilling rigs, namely the rotary drilling rig with positive circulation mud washing, is composed of a tower, a hoist, a rotary table, a drilling tool, a mud pump, a faucet, and a motor. During operation, the power machine drives the turntable through the transmission device. And the drill bit is driven by the active drill pipe to rotate and break the rock formation at a speed of 30-90 rpm.

Compressing air washing rotary drilling rig uses air compressor instead of the mud pump and uses compressed air instead of mud to flush well. Reverse circulation is usually used and known as gas lift reverse circulation. The compressed air is sent to the gas-water mixing chamber in the well through the gas supply pipeline so that it is mixed with the water flow in the drill pipe to form an aerated water flow with a specific gravity of less than 1.

Under the gravity of the annular water column on the periphery of the drill pipe, the aerated water flow in the drill pipe carries the cuttings continuously up and out of the well, flows into the sedimentation tank, and the precipitated water flows back into the well by gravity. When the well is deep (with more than 50 meters), chip evacuation of this drilling rig is greater than that of other drilling rigs using a suction pump or jet-type reverse circulation. This drilling rig is suitable for deep wells, arid areas, and frigid permafrost strata.

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