Tungsten’s mbiri

Tungsten carbide ndi chinthu chophatikizika chopangidwa ndi WC ngati gawo lolimba ndi cobalt(Co) ngati gawo lomangira.Mbiri ya gululi imatha kutsatiridwa mpaka zaka za m'ma 1700s. Pa nthawiyo, ogwira ntchito m’migodi kumapiri a Erz ku Saxony Germany anaona kuti miyala ina ingasokoneze kuchepetsacansiteri ndi kupanga slag.But tungsten analiwoyamba kuchotsedwa ku miyala wolframitendi Juan JoseD’Elhuyar ndi mchimwene wake Fausto. THei analikungochepetsa tungstic acid pogwiritsa ntchito makala kupanga chitsulo.Pochita izi, adapeza mwangozi kuti malo osungunuka kwambiri a chinthu ichi ndi3422madigiri Celsius----Chitsulo chomwe chimasungunuka kwambirikuwirikiza kawiri kusungunuka kwa pulatinamu.Mu 1841, katswiri wa zamankhwala Robert Oxland adapeza ufulu wa patent waku Britain pakupanga njira zopangira sodium tungstate, tungstic acid, ndi metallic tungsten. Uku kunali kupita patsogolo kwakukulu m'mbiri yamakono ya tungsten chemistry ndipo kunatsegula njira yopangira tungsten mafakitale.

Mu 1896, kaphatikizidwe mwangozi kwa tungsten carbide kwabweretsa kusintha kwamakampani ndipo kwakhudza kwambiri anthu onse.It adapezeka ndiHenri Moissanamene ndiMphotho ya Nobelr. Kufunafuna kubalaan diamondi yokumba, Moisson wotenthetsera shuga ndi tungsten oxide mu ng'anjo. Shugayo ankagwira ntchito ngati chinthu chochepetsera kuti okusayidiyo apangee tungsten carbide wosungunuka. Linasonyeza zinthu zina zofunika, koma linali lolimba kwambiri moti silingagwiritsidwe ntchito m’lingaliro lililonse lazamalonda.Hngongole, The Osram Lamp Works of Berlin whokuzindikirazedikuthekera kwa carbide posakhalitsa adapeza mwayi wopanga simenti yazitsulo, ndi tinthu tating'ono ta tungsten carbide tikuphatikizidwa mu matrix a cobalt. Carbide inali yolimba modabwitsa komanso yokhuthala kanayi ngati titaniyamu. The imafakitale adagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo mwachangu popanga njira zake zopangira. 

In 1913, Kupereweraofdiamondi zamakampani ku Germany zimatsogolera ofufuza kuti ayang'ane njira ina yopangira diamondi, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pojambula waya.

Kampani ya mababu amagetsi yaku Germany yapereka chiphaso cha tungsten carbide kapena zovuta zitsulo mu 1923. Zimapangidwa ndi "simenti"kwambiritungsten monio carbide (WC) njere mu binder masanjidwewo wa zitsulo zolimba cobalt ndi madzi gawo sintering. Zotsatira zake zidasintha mbiri ya tungsten: zinthukutiamaphatikiza mphamvu yayikulu, kulimba, ndi kuuma kwakukulu.

Pa nthawi ya dzikoWWII, Ajeremani anali oyamba kugwiritsa ntchito tungsten carbide pachimake pamwamba-zida za liwiro-kuboola projectiles. Akasinja aku Britain "anasungunuka" atagundidwa ndi ma tungsten carbide projectiles.

The1950s: Kupangidwa kwa chitsulo, faifi tambala, ndi ma superalloy opangidwa ndi cobalt kumayamba kudzaza kufunikira kwa zinthu zomwe zimatha kupirira kutentha kosaneneka kwa ma jeti.

1960-1990: Tungsten carbide ndikwambirizovuta,Diamond ndichinthu chokhacho chachilengedwe chomwe chimatha kuchikanda.

Nowadays tungsten carbide ndiyofala kwambiri, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumaphatikizapos kudula zitsulo, kukonza nkhuni, kompositi, zitsulo zadothi zofewa, zopangidwa zopanda tchipisi (zotentha ndi kuzizira), migodi, zomangamanga, kubowola miyala, zida zomangira, zida zovala, ndi zida zankhondo. Kuchokera panjinga yolimba kwambiri tikutengera zida zopangira opaleshoni, ndizovuta kupeza chokhazikika chomwe sichigwiritsa ntchito mtundu wina wa carbid.e.