Titaniyamu ndi chiyani?

Titaniyamu ndi mankhwala okhala ndi chizindikiro cha Ti ndi nambala ya atomiki 22. Ndichitsulo cholimba, chopepuka, komanso chosachita dzimbiri chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana. Titaniyamu imadziwika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ndi kulemera kwake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kwa mafakitale monga zakuthambo, zankhondo, zamankhwala, ndi zida zamasewera. Komanso ndi biocompatible, kutanthauza kuti amalekerera bwino ndi thupi la munthu ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu implants zachipatala ndi zida zopangira opaleshoni. Kuphatikiza apo, titaniyamu imatha kukana dzimbiri, ngakhale m'malo ovuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala chisankho chodziwika bwino pakugwiritsa ntchito panyanja ndi kukonza mankhwala.

Kodi Titaniyamu Amapangidwa Ndi Chiyani?

Titaniyamu imapangidwa kudzera mu njira yotchedwa Kroll process, yomwe ndi njira yodziwika bwino yochotsera titaniyamu kuchokera ku miyala yake. Nawa mwachidule masitepe omwe akukhudzidwa pakupanga titaniyamu pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya Kroll:

1. Kuchotsa Ore: Titaniyamu yokhala ndi mchere monga ilmenite, rutile, ndi titanite imakumbidwa kuchokera pansi pa dziko lapansi.

2. Kusandulika kukhala Titanium Tetrachloride (TiCl4): Michere yomwe imakhala ndi titaniyamu imasinthidwa kupanga titanium dioxide (TiO2). TiO2 imachitidwa ndi chlorine ndi carbon kuti ipange titaniyamu tetrachloride.

3. Kuchepetsa kwa Titanium Tetrachloride (TiCl4): Titaniyamu tetrachloride imasinthidwa ndi magnesium yosungunuka kapena sodium mu reactor yosindikizidwa pa kutentha kwambiri kuti ipange titaniyamu zitsulo ndi magnesium kapena sodium chloride.

4. Kuchotsa Zonyansa: Siponji ya titaniyamu yomwe imabwera ingakhale ndi zonyansa zomwe ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Siponji imakonzedwanso kudzera munjira zosiyanasiyana monga vacuum arc remelting kapena electron kusungunuka kuti apange ingots zoyera za titaniyamu.

5. Kupanga: Ma titaniyamu oyera amatha kukonzedwanso kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana monga kuponyera, kupangira, kapena kupanga makina kuti apange zinthu za titaniyamu pakugwiritsa ntchito mosiyanasiyana.

Ubwino wa Titanium:

1. Kuchuluka kwa Mphamvu ndi Kulemera Kwambiri: Titaniyamu ndi yolimba kwambiri chifukwa cha kulemera kwake, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kwa mapulogalamu omwe mphamvu ndi zopepuka ndizofunikira.

2. Kukaniza kwa Corrosion: Titanium imawonetsa kukana kwa dzimbiri, ngakhale m'malo ovuta monga madzi am'nyanja ndi mafakitale opangira mankhwala.

3. Biocompatibility: Titaniyamu ndi biocompatible komanso sipoizoni, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kuyika zachipatala ndi zida zopangira opaleshoni.

4. Kulimbana ndi Kutentha Kwambiri: Titaniyamu imatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri popanda kutaya mphamvu zake, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito muzamlengalenga ndi mafakitale.

5. Kukula Kwamafuta Ochepa: Titaniyamu ili ndi gawo locheperako pakukulitsa kutentha, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yokhazikika pakutentha kwakukulu.

Kuipa kwa Titanium:

1. Mtengo: Titaniyamu ndi yokwera mtengo kuposa zitsulo zina zambiri, makamaka chifukwa cha njira zake zochotsera ndi kukonza.

2. Kuvuta pa Machining: Titaniyamu imadziwika chifukwa chosachita bwino, imafunikira zida ndi njira zapadera zodulira ndi kupanga.

3. Kumverera kwa Kuipitsidwa: Titaniyamu imakhudzidwa ndi kuipitsidwa panthawi yokonza, zomwe zingakhudze katundu wake ndi ntchito yake.

4. Lower Modulus of Elasticity: Titaniyamu ili ndi modulus yotsika ya elasticity poyerekeza ndi chitsulo, zomwe zingachepetse kugwiritsa ntchito kwake pazovuta zina.

5. Kuchitanso pa Kutentha Kwakukulu: Titaniyamu imatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi zida zina pakatentha kwambiri, zomwe zimafunikira kusamala pazinthu zinazake.