Ubwoko bushya bwa Carbide ya sima

1. Ingano nziza na karbide nziza cyane

Nyuma yo gutunganya ingano ya karbide ya sima, ubunini bwicyiciro cya karbide ya sima iba nto, kandi icyiciro cyo guhuza kigabanijwe cyane mugice cya karbide ya sima, gishobora kunoza ubukana no kwambara karbide ya sima. Ariko imbaraga zo kugonda ziragabanuka. Imbaraga zunama zirashobora kunozwa mukongera ibikubiye muri cobalt muburyo bukwiye. Ingano y'ibinyampeke: ibikoresho bisanzwe byo mu bwoko bwa alloys YT15, YG6, nibindi ni ingano yo hagati, impuzandengo y'ingano ni 2 ~ 3μm；tagereranije ingano yintete nziza yimbuto ni 1.5 ~ 2μm, naho irya micron ingano ya karbide ni 1.0 ~ 1,3 mm. Submicrograin karbide ni 0,6 ~ 0,9 mm；twe ultra-nziza ya kristal karbide ni 0.4 ~ 0.5μm; Carbide ya nano-seri ya microcrystalline ni 0.1 ~ 0.3μm; Ibikoresho byo guca karbide mubushinwa bigeze kurwego rwingano nziza kandiamandeingano.

2.TiC base karbide

TiC nkumubiri wingenzi, ibarirwa hejuru ya 60% kugeza 80%, hamwe na Ni ~ Mo nkumuhuza, hanyuma ukongeramo umubare muto wizindi karbide zivanze, zirimo WC cyangwa nkeya. Ugereranije na WC base alloy, TiC ifite ubukana buhebuje muri karbide, bityo gukomera kwa alloy ni hejuru nka HRA90 ~ 94, ifite kandi imbaraga zo kwambara cyane, ubushobozi bwo kwambara anti-crescentless, kurwanya ubushyuhe, kurwanya okiside hamwe n’imiti ihamye, hamwe na gufatanya nibikoresho byakazi ni bito, ibintu byo guterana ni bito, kwihanganira gukomera birakomeye, ibikoresho biramba birenze inshuro nyinshi kurenza WC, bityo birashobora gutunganywa ibyuma hamwe nicyuma. Ugereranije na YT30, ubukana bwa YN10 buri hafi, gusudira no gukara nibyiza, kandi birashobora gusimbuza YT30. Ariko imbaraga zo kugonda ntabwo zigera kuri WC, ahanini zikoreshwa mukurangiza no kurangiza. Bitewe nuko idashobora kurwanya ihindagurika rya plastike no kugabanuka, ntibikwiriye gukata cyane no gutema rimwe na rimwe.

3.Carbide ya sima hamwe nibintu bidasanzwe byisi byongeyeho

Ntibisanzwe isi ya sima ya karbide iri mubikoresho bitandukanye bya sima ya sima ya sima, wongeyeho umubare muto wibintu bidasanzwe byubutaka (imibare ya atome mumeza yibihe byimiti ni 57-71 (kuva La kugeza Lu), wongeyeho 21 na 39 (Sc na Y) ibintu, byose hamwe 17), ibintu bidasanzwe byisi bibaho muri (W, Ti) C cyangwa (W, Ti, Ta, Nb) C igisubizo gikomeye. Irashobora gushimangira icyiciro gikomeye, ikabuza gukura kudahwanye nintete za WC kandi ikarushaho kuba imwe, kandi ingano yingano iragabanuka. Umubare muto wibintu bidasanzwe byubutaka nabyo bishonga cyane mugice cyo guhuza Co, bishimangira icyiciro cyo guhuza kandi bigatuma imiterere iba myinshi. Ibintu bidasanzwe byisi bikungahaye kuri interineti ya WC / Co no hagati yimbere ya (W, Ti) C, (W, Ti) C, nibindi, kandi akenshi bigahuzwa n umwanda S, O, nibindi, kugirango bibumbwe hamwe nka RE2O2S, itezimbere isuku yimbere kandi ikazamura ubushuhe bwicyiciro gikomeye nicyiciro gihujwe. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ingaruka zikomeye, imbaraga zigoramye hamwe n’ingaruka zo kurwanya isi idasanzwe ya sima ya karbide yazamutse cyane. Ubushyuhe bwicyumba cyacyo nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, kwambara birwanya ubushobozi hamwe nubushobozi bwo kurwanya ikwirakwizwa no kurwanya okiside hejuru yigikoresho nabyo byatejwe imbere. Mugihe cyo gukata, ibintu bikungahaye kuri cobalt byubutaka bwubutaka budasanzwe bwa sima ya karbide ya karbide irashobora kugabanya neza ibintu byo guterana amagambo hagati ya chip, igihangano cyakazi nigikoresho, kandi bikagabanya imbaraga zo guca. Kubwibyo, imiterere yubukanishi hamwe nogukata ibintu byatejwe imbere neza. Ubushinwa bukungahaye ku bintu bidasanzwe by'ubutaka, kandi ubushakashatsi n'iterambere ry'isi idasanzwe ya sima ya karbide iri imbere y'ibindi bihugu. P, M, K ibishishwa byakozwe kugirango byongere isi idasanzwe.

4.Yashizweho na karbide ya sima

Due kubukomere no kwambara birwanya karbide ya sima nibyiza, ubukana burakennye, binyuze mumashanyarazi ya chimique (CVD) nubundi buryo, hejuru ya karbide ya sima yashizwemo na layer (5 ~ 12μm) yubukomezi bwiza, kwihanganira kwambara cyane y'ibintu (TiC, TiN, Al2O3), gushiraho karbide isize isima, ku buryo ifite ubukana bwinshi ndetse no kwihanganira kwambara hejuru, hamwe na matrix ikomeye; Kubwibyo, irashobora guteza imbere igikoresho cyubuzima no gutunganya neza, kugabanya imbaraga zo kugabanya no kugabanya ubushyuhe, kuzamura ubwiza bwubuso bwakorewe imashini, kandi bikazamura cyane ibikoresho biramba kumuvuduko umwe. Mu myaka 20 ishize, ibyuma bisize karbide byateye imbere cyane, kandi bingana na 50% kugeza 60% byaindangantegoibikoresho mu bihugu byateye imbere mu nganda. Icyuma gipfundikijwe gikwiranye no guhora uhindagurika kandi bikoreshwa mukurangiza, igice cyanyuma no kwikorera umutwaro uremereye wibyuma bitandukanye byubatswe na karubone, ibyuma byubatswe byubaka (harimo nibisanzwe hamwe nubushyuhe), ibyuma byoroshye gukata, ibyuma byabikoresho, ibyuma bya martensitike bitagira umuyonga hamwe nicyatsi kibisi icyuma.

5. Urwego rwa karbide

Carbide mubihe bimwe na bimwe, usibye ibisabwa hejuru yuburemere bwo hejuru cyane no kwambara birwanya, ariko kandi bigomba no kugira ingaruka nziza. Ubusanzwe sima ya karbide ikomeye nimbaraga, gukomera no kwambara birwanya inzitizi zombi, byombi ntibishobora kuba byombi. Ibikoresho bya gradient ikora bikemura ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru biriho muri karbide ya sima, ibivangwa nkibi byerekana igabanywa rya Co mu miterere, ni ukuvuga ko igice cyo hanze cy’imisemburo kiri munsi yizina rya Co ryuzuye rya aliyumu cobalt-ikennye, urwego rwagati ruri hejuru yizina rya Co ryibintu bikungahaye kuri cobalt ikungahaye, kandi intangiriro ni WC-Co-η microstructure yicyiciro cya gatatu. Bitewe nibintu byinshi bya WC hejuru, bifite ubukana bwinshi kandi birwanya kwambara neza; urwego rwagati rufite ibintu byinshi Co hamwe no gukomera. Kubwibyo, ubuzima bwumurimo bwikubye inshuro 3 kugeza kuri 5 nubwa karbide gakondo isanzwe, kandi ibice bya buri cyiciro birashobora guhinduka ukurikije ibikenewe.

Guteranya，binyuze mubyiciro no gutunganya karbide ya sima, turashobora kubona ko ubwoko bushya bwibikoresho bya sima ya sima byahinduwe neza kubikoresho gakondo, kuruhande rumwe, gukoresha ibice byiza nibikoresho bya ultra-byiza bya karbide ya sima, hamwe guhuza neza gukomera nimbaraga. Mubyongeyeho, inzira nshya nko gucumura igitutu zirashobora kurushaho kunoza ubwiza bwimbere bwa karbide ya sima. Kurundi ruhande, igikoresho rusange cyateguwe nigikoresho cyiza cyo murwego rwohejuru rwa karbide ituma umuvuduko wo guca, kugabanya imikorere nubuzima bwibikoresho inshuro nyinshi kurenza icyuma cyihuta. Umusaruro wibi bikoresho bishya uzuzuza ahanini inenge ya karbide ya sima. Iterambere ryibikoresho bya karbide, kuburyo biva mubikorwa byihariye mubikorwa byo kwagura iterambere ryibikoresho bigezweho byikoranabuhanga muburyo bwuzuzanya bwibikoresho, ibikoresho byo gusimbuza inyongera. Reka bishyirwe kumurongo muremure kandi mugari wo gutema imirima. 

Twizere ko iyi ngingo ishobora kugufasha kumva neza karbide ya sima kurwego runaka. Usibye iyi, nyamuneka soma igice cyambere cya“Gutondekanya no Kwiga Kubikoresho byo Gutema Carbide”. Twandikire niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa ibisabwa kubyerekeye ibicuruzwa bya karbide.