Kusuma kupfupi kwePDC uye PDC bit nhoroondo

Polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) uye PDC drill bits yakaunzwa kumusika kwemakumi emakore akati wandei. Munguva iyi yakareba PDC cutter uye PDC drill bit vakawana zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda mumatanho avo ekutanga, vakawanawo budiriro huru. Zvishoma nezvishoma asi pakupedzisira, PDC mabheti zvishoma nezvishoma akatsiva makoni mabheti nekuenderera mberi nekuvandudza muPDC cutter, kugadzikana zvishoma, uye bit hydraulic chimiro. PDC bhiti zvinooccupyinopfuura 90% yehuwandu hwekuchera pasi pasi.

PDC Cutter yakagadzirwa kutanga neGeneral Electric (GE) muna 1971. Yekutanga PDC Cutters yeindasitiri yemafuta negasi yakaitwa muna 1973 uye nemakore matatu ekuedza uye kuongorora munda, inounzwa mune zvekutengesa muna 1976 mushure mekunge yaratidzwa zvakanyanya. inoshanda pane kupwanya zviito zve carbide mabhatani mabhiti.

Kare, chimiro chePDC cutter chakaita seizvi:   carbide round tip, ( dhayamita 8.38mm, ukobvu 2.8mm),  uye dhaimondi layer ( ukobvu 0.5mm pasina chamfer pamusoro). Panguva iyoyo, kwaivewo neCompax "slug system" PDC cutter. Chimiro chemucheki uyu chaive seizvi: iyo PDC yakaoma weld kune simende carbide slug kuitira kuti zvive nyore kuisa pane simbi yekubooresa muviri, zvichiunza kurerukirwa kukuru kune dhizaini dhizaini.

Muna 1973, GE yakaedza PDC yayo yekutanga mutsime muKing Ranch nzvimbo yekumaodzanyemba kweTexas. Munguva yekuedza kuchera maitiro, dambudziko rekuchenesa bhiti raionekwa kuti riripo. Mazino matatu akakundikana pajoinhi yakashongedzwa, uye mamwe mazino maviri akatyoka pamwe chete nechikamu chetungsten carbide. Gare gare, kambani yakaedza chechipiri chibooresa munzvimbo yeHudson yeColorado. Iyi dhiri yedhiri yakavandudza iyo hydraulic chimiro chedambudziko rekuchenesa. Iyo bhiti yakawana kuita zvirinani mujecha-shale maumbirwo ane kukurumidza kuchera. Asi pane kutsauka kwakati wandei kubva kune yakarongwa borehole trajectory panguva yekuchera, uye shoma shoma yePDC cutters kurasikirwa kuchiri kuitika nekuda kwekubatana kwebrazing.

Muna Kubvumbi 1974, chibhorani chechitatu chakaedzwa munzvimbo yeSan Juan muUtah, USA. Ichi chidimbu chakavandudza chimiro chezino uye chimiro chebhiti. Iyo bhiti yakatsiva simbi yemuviri koni mabheti mutsime riri padyo, asi muromo wakadonha uye bhiti rakakuvadzwa. Panguva iyoyo, yaifungidzirwa kuti yakaitika pedyo nekuguma kwekuchera kune yakaoma kuumbwa, kana dambudziko rinokonzerwa neinodonha muromo.

Kubva 1974 kusvika 1976, makambani akasiyana-siyana ezviboorero nemabhizinesi akaongorora kuvandudzwa kwakasiyana kwePDC cutter. Matambudziko mazhinji aivepo aive akanangana nekutsvaga. Mhedzisiro yetsvagiridzo yakadai yakabatanidzwa muStratapax PDC mazino, yakatangwa neGE muna Zvita 1976.

Kushandurwa kwezita kubva kuCompax kuenda kuStratapax kwakabatsira kubvisa kuvhiringika muindasitiri diki pakati pemabhiti ane tungsten carbide compacts, uye diamond Compax.

GE's Stratapax cutters inowanikwa pakusuma chigadzirwa, 1976

Pakati pe-90s, vanhu vakatanga kushandisa zvakanyanya chamfering tekinoroji paPDC yekucheka mazino, iyo yakawanda-chamfer tekinoroji yakagamuchirwa nenzira yepatent muna 1995. Kana iyo chamfering tekinoroji yakashandiswa nemazvo, kushomeka kwekuputsika kwePDC yekucheka mazino. inogona kuwedzera ne100%.

Muma1980, zvose GE Company (USA) uye Sumitomo Company (Japan) vakadzidza kubviswa kwecobalt kubva panzvimbo yekushanda yePDC mazino kuvandudza kushanda kwemazino. Asi havana kubudirira mune zvekutengeserana. Tekinoroji yakazogadziridzwa zvakare uye patented neHycalog（USA）. Zvakaratidzwa kuti kana zvinhu zvesimbi zvinogona kubviswa kubva pagomba rezviyo, kugadzikana kwekupisa kwemazino ePDC kuchavandudzwa zvikuru kuitira kuti bhiti rikwanise kudhiraivha zviri nani mumhando dzakaoma uye dzakanyanya. Iyi tekinoroji yekubvisa cobalt inovandudza kusapfeka kwemeno ePDC mune abrasive akasimba edombo maumbirwo uye inowedzera kuwedzera application.huwandu hwePDC bits.

Kutanga muna 2000, kushandiswa kwePDC bits kwakawedzera nekukurumidza. Maumbirwo aisakwanisa kucherwa nePDC bits zvishoma nezvishoma ave kukwanisa kucherwa zvine hupfumi uye nekuvimbika nePDC drill bits.

Kubva muna 2004, muindasitiri yezvibhorani, mari yemusika yePDC drill bits yakatora 50%, uye nzvimbo yekuchera yakasvika ingangoita makumi matanhatu%. Kukura uku kuri kuenderera mberi nanhasi. Anenge ese ari kushandiswa pari zvino muNorth America drilling application maPDC bits.

Nhamba yacho inobva kuD.E. Scott

Muchidimbu, kubvira payakatangwa mu70s uye yakaona kukura kwayo zvishoma nezvishoma, PDC cutters zvishoma nezvishoma vakasimudzira kuenderera mberi kweiyo drill bit indasitiri yeoiri uye gasi kuongorora nekuchera. Iko kukanganisa kwePDC tekinoroji paindasitiri yekuchera yakakura.

Vatsva vanopinda mumusika wemhando yepamusoro PDC yekucheka mazino, pamwe nemakambani makuru ekuchera, vanoramba vachitungamira shanduko uye hunyanzvi hweInnovative zvinhu uye maitiro ekugadzira kuitira kuti kuita kwePDC yekucheka mazino uye PDC drill bits zvirambe zvichivandudzwa.