Chii chinonzi Titanium?

Titanium chinhu chemakemikari chine chiratidzo cheTi uye atomic nhamba 22. Isimbi yakasimba, isingaremi, uye isingadziviriri uye inowanzoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Titanium inozivikanwa nehuremu hwayo hwekusimba-ku-huremu, ichiita kuti ive yakanakira maindasitiri akadai seaerospace, mauto, zvekurapa, uye zvemitambo. Iyo zvakare biocompatible, zvinoreva kuti inotenderwa zvakanaka nemuviri wemunhu uye inowanzoshandiswa mune zvekurapa zvidyarwa uye midziyo yekuvhiya. Pamusoro pezvo, titanium ine yakanakisa kuramba ngura, kunyangwe munzvimbo dzakaoma, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakakurumbira yekushandiswa kwemugungwa nemakemikari kugadzirisa.

Chii chinonzi Titanium Yakagadzirwa?

Titanium inogadzirwa kuburikidza nenzira inodaidzwa kuti Kroll process, inova nzira yakajairika yekubvisa titanium kubva mumatombo ayo. Heino mhedziso yematanho anobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwetitanium uchishandisa nzira yeKroll:

1. Ore Extraction: Titanium-ine zvicherwa zvakaita se ilmenite, rutile, uye titanite zvinocherwa kubva pasi pePasi.

2. Shanduko kuTitanium Tetrachloride (TiCl4): Iyo titanium-ine zvicherwa inogadziriswa kuita titanium dioxide (TiO2). Iyo TiO2 inozoitwa neklorini uye kabhoni kugadzira titanium tetrachloride.

3. Kuderedzwa kweTitanium Tetrachloride (TiCl4): Iyo titanium tetrachloride inobva yaitwa neyakanyungudutswa magnesium kana sodium mune yakavharwa reactor patembiricha yepamusoro kuti ibudise titanium simbi uye magnesium kana sodium chloride.

4. Kubvisa Kusvibiswa: Iyo inozobuda titanium sponge inogona kunge iine tsvina inoda kubviswa. Iyo siponji inozogadziriswa zvakare kuburikidza nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana senge vacuum arc remelting kana electron beam kunyunguduka kuti ibudise yakachena titanium ingots.

5. Kugadzirwa: Iyo yakachena titanium ingots inogona kufambiswazve kuburikidza nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzakadai sekukanda, forging, kana machining kugadzira titanium zvigadzirwa zvekushandisa kwakasiyana.

Zvakanakira zveTitanium:

1. Yakakwira Simba-kune-Weight Ratio: Titanium yakasimba zvakanyanya kune huremu hwayo, ichiita kuti ive yakanakira maapplication uko kusimba uye huremu zvivakwa zvakakosha.

2. Corrosion Resistance: Titanium inoratidza kuramba kusimba, kunyangwe munzvimbo dzakaoma semvura yegungwa uye zvidyarwa zvekugadzira makemikari.

3. Biocompatibility: Titanium inowirirana uye isina chepfu, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kuisirwa mukurapa uye zviridzwa zvekuvhiya.

4. High-Temperature Resistance: Titanium inogona kumira kutonhora kwakanyanya pasina kurasikirwa nesimba rayo, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa munzvimbo dzemuchadenga uye mumaindasitiri.

5. Yakaderera Thermal Kuwedzera: Titanium ine yakaderera coefficient yekuwedzera kwemafuta, ichiita kuti igadzikane pane yakakura tembiricha renji.

Kuipa kweTitanium:

1. Mutengo: Titanium inodhura kupfuura dzimwe simbi dzakawanda, zvakanyanya nekuda kwekubvisa kwayo uye nzira dzekugadzirisa.

2. Kuoma muMachining: Titanium inozivikanwa nekusagona kwayo kuita, inoda maturusi akakosha uye matekiniki ekucheka nekuumba.

3. Sensitivity kune Kusvibiswa: Titanium inonzwa kusvibiswa panguva yekugadziriswa, iyo inogona kukanganisa zvivakwa zvayo uye kuita kwayo.

4. Lower Modulus yeElasticity: Titanium ine yakaderera modulus yekunyungudika kana ichienzaniswa nesimbi, iyo inogona kudzikamisa mashandisiro ayo mune mamwe mamiriro ekunyanya kushushikana.

5. Reactivity at High Temperatures: Titanium inogona kuita nezvimwe zvinhu patembiricha yakakwira, ichida kungwarira mukushandisa chaiko.