Ukuphenduka kwe-CNC

Kulezi zinsuku, izindlela eziningi zokucubungula sezivele, njengokujika, ukugaya, ukugoba, nokuhlanganisa. Kodwa zihlukile kumathuluzi, kusetshenziswa izindlela, kanye nendawo yokusebenza okufanele yenziwe ngomshini. Kulesi sihloko, uzothola ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokujika kwe-CNC. Futhi lokhu okuqukethwe okuyinhloko:

1. Yini i-CNC ephendukayo?

2. Izinzuzo ze-CNC turning

3. I-CNC turning isebenza kanjani?

4. Izinhlobo zemisebenzi yokuguqula i-CNC

5. Izinto ezifanele zokuguqula i-CNC

Iyini i-CNC ephendukayo?

I-CNC Turning iyinqubo enembile kakhulu futhi ephumelelayo yokukhipha imishini esebenza ngomgomo womshini we-lathe. Kubandakanya ukubeka ithuluzi lokusika ngokumelene ne-workpiece ephendukayo ukuze kukhishwe izinto futhi unikeze umumo oyifunayo. Ihlukile ekugayweni kwe-CNC kanye nezinye izinqubo eziningi ezisusayo ze-CNC ezivame ukuvikela ucezu lokusebenza embhedeni kuyilapho ithuluzi lokuphotha lisika impahla, ukuphenduka kwe-CNC kusebenzisa inqubo ehlehlayo ezungezisa ucezu lokusebenza kuyilapho ibhithi lokusika lihlala limile. Ngenxa yendlela yokusebenza kwayo, i-CNC turning ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izingxenye eziyisilinda noma ezimise okwe-oblong. Kodwa-ke, ingaphinda idale izimo eziningana ezinama-axial symmetries. Lezi zimo zihlanganisa ama-cones, amadiski, noma inhlanganisela yomumo.

Izinzuzo ze-CNC turning

Njengenye yezinqubo eziwusizo kakhulu, indlela yokuguqula i-CNC ithola inqubekelaphambili enkulu ngokuthuthukiswa kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe. Ukuguqula i-CNC kunezinzuzo eziningi njengokunemba, ukuguquguquka, ukuphepha, imiphumela esheshayo, nokunye okunjalo. Manje sizokhuluma ngalokhu ngamunye ngamunye.

Ukunemba

Umshini wokuguqula i-CNC ungenza izilinganiso eziqondile futhi uqede amaphutha abantu usebenzisa amafayela e-CAD noma e-CAM. Ochwepheshe bangaletha ukunemba okuphezulu ngendlela emangalisayo besebenzisa imishini esezingeni eliphezulu, kungaba okokukhiqiza ama-prototypes noma ukuphothulwa kwawo wonke umjikelezo wokukhiqiza. Konke ukusika kunembile njengoba umshini osetshenziswayo uhleliwe. Ngamanye amazwi, ucezu lokugcina ekuqhutshweni kokukhiqiza luyafana nocezu lokuqala.

Ukuvumelana nezimo

Izikhungo eziguqukayo ziza ngosayizi abahlukahlukene ukuze zivumelane nezimo zezinhlelo zakho zokusebenza. Ukulungisa kulula ngoba imisebenzi yalo mshini ihlelwe kusengaphambili. Umsebenzisi angaqeda ingxenye yakho ngokwenza izinguquko ezidingekayo zohlelo kuhlelo lwakho lwe-CAM noma akhe okuthile okuhluke ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, ungathembela enkampanini efanayo yezinsizakalo zemishini ye-CNC uma udinga izingxenye eziningi ezihlukile.

Ukuphepha

Amafemu akhiqizayo abambelela emithethweni nemithethonqubo eqinile yokuphepha ukuze aqinisekise ukuphepha okuphelele. Njengoba umshini wokujika uzenzakalela, kudingeka umsebenzi omncane ngoba u-opharetha ukhona kuphela ukuze aqaphe umshini. Ngokufanayo, umzimba we-lathe usebenzisa izinto zokuvikela ezivaleke ngokugcwele noma ezivaleke kancane ukuze ugweme izinhlayiya ezindizayo entweni ecutshunguliwe futhi unciphise ukulimala kwabasebenzi.

Imiphumela Esheshayo

Kukhona ithuba eliphansi lephutha uma imisebenzi ecaciswe wuhlelo yenziwa kumalebula e-CNC noma ezikhungweni zokujika. Ngenxa yalokho, lo mshini ungaqeda ukukhiqiza ngokushesha ngaphandle kokudela ikhwalithi yokugcina yokukhipha. Ekugcineni, ungathola izingxenye ezidingekayo ngokushesha kunezinye izinketho.

Ngabe i-CNC Turning isebenza kanjani?

1. Lungiselela uhlelo lwe-CNC

Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale umsebenzi wokuguqula i-CNC, kufanele ube nemidwebo yakho ye-2D yomklamo kuqala, futhi uyiguqulele ohlelweni lwe-CNC.

2. Lungiselela umshini wokujika we-CNC

Okokuqala, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi amandla avaliwe. Bese uvikela ingxenye ku-chunk, layisha i-turret yamathuluzi, uqinisekise ukulinganiswa okufanele, bese ulayisha uhlelo lwe-CNC.

3. Yenza izingxenye eziphendulwe yi-CNC

Kunemisebenzi ehlukene yokujika ongayikhetha, kuye ngomphumela ofisa ukuwuthola. Futhi, ubunkimbinkimbi bengxenye buzonquma ukuthi mingaki imijikelezo ozoba nayo. Ukubalwa kwesikhathi somjikelezo kuzokusiza wazi isikhathi sokugcina esichithwe engxenyeni, ebalulekile kuzindleko caIzibalo.

Izinhlobo zemisebenzi yokuguqula i-CNC

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamathuluzi we-lathe we-CNC turning, futhi angafinyelela imiphumela ehlukene.

Ukuphenduka

Kule nqubo, ithuluzi lokujika lephuzu elilodwa lihamba ohlangothini lwe-workpiece ukuze lisuse izinto zokwakha futhi lenze izici ezihlukene. Izici engazidala zihlanganisa ama-taper, ama-chamfers, izinyathelo, namakhonto. Ukucutshungulwa kwalezi zici ngokuvamile kwenzeka ekujuleni kwe-radial encane yokusikwa, okudlula okuningi ukuze kufinyelelwe kububanzi bokugcina.

Ebhekene

Ngalesi nqubo, ithuluzi lokuguqula iphuzu elilodwa liphuma ekugcineni kwezinto. Ngale ndlela, isusa izingqimba ezincane zezinto ezibonakalayo, inikeze izindawo ezibushelelezi eziyisicaba. Ukushona kobuso ngokuvamile kuncane kakhulu, futhi umshini ungenzeka ngephasi eyodwa.

I-Grooving

Lo msebenzi uhlanganisa nokunyakaza kwe-radial kwethuluzi elinephuzu elilodwa elijika libe ohlangothini lwesiqeshana somsebenzi. Ngakho, inquma inkatho enobubanzi obulinganayo nethuluzi lokusika. Kungenzeka futhi ukwenza ukusikeka okuningi ukuze wakhe ama-grooves amakhulu kunobubanzi bethuluzi. Ngokufanayo, abanye abakhiqizi basebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile ukuze benze ama-grooves anejiyometri ehlukahlukene.

Ukuhlukana

Njenge-grooving, ithuluzi lokusika lihamba ngokukhazimulayo ohlangothini lwe-workpiece. Ithuluzi lephuzu elilodwa liyaqhubeka lize lifinyelele ububanzi obungaphakathi noma isikhungo somsebenzi. Ngakho-ke, ihlukanisa noma inqume ingxenye yempahla eluhlaza.

Okuyisicefe

Amathuluzi ayisicefe angena ku-workpiece ukuze asike ngaphakathi futhi enze izici ezinjengama-taper, ama-chamfers, izinyathelo, namakhonta. Ungasetha ithuluzi eliyisicefe ukuze usike ububanzi obufunayo ngekhanda eliyisicefe elilungisekayo.

Ukubhoboza

Ukubhoboza kususa izinto ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi ze-workpiece kusetshenziswa ama-drill bits ajwayelekile. Lezi zingcezu zokubhoboza zimile ku-turret yamathuluzi noma isitokwe somsila sesikhungo sokujika.

Uchungechunge

Lokhu kusebenza kusebenzisa ithuluzi lokuthunga lephoyinti elilodwa elinekhala elicijile elingu-60-degree. Leli thuluzi lihamba nge-axially ohlangothini lwe-workpiece ukusika imicu endaweni yangaphandle yengxenye. Ama-machinists angasika izintambo zibe ubude obucacisiwe, kanti ezinye izintambo zingadinga ukudlula okuningi.

Izinto ezilungile zokuguqula i-CNC

Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto ezisetshenziswayo zingakhiwa ukuphenduka kwe-CNC, njengezinsimbi, amapulasitiki, ukhuni, ingilazi, i-wax, njalonjalo. Lezi zinto zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo eziyisi-6 ezilandelayo.

P: U-P uhlala emi nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngokuyinhloko imele insimbi. Leli yiqembu lezinto ezibonakalayo elikhulu kunawo wonke, elisukela ezintweni ezingaxutshiwe kuya kwezinengxubevange ephezulu okuhlanganisa ukubuswa kwensimbi, insimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic kanye ne-martensitic, umshini wayo omuhle, kodwa uyahlukahluka ngobulukhuni bempahla nokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni.

M: M kanye nombala ophuzi ubonisa insimbi engagqwali, ehlanganiswe ne-chromium okungenani engu-12%. Ngenkathi amanye ama-alloys angafaka i-nickel ne-molybdenum. Ingenziwa ibe yizinto eziningi ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene, njenge-ferritic, martensitic, austentic, nezimo eziyiqiniso-derritic. Zonke lezi zinto zinezinto ezifanayo, okungukuthi imiphetho yokusika ivezwa enhliziyweni enkulu, ukugqokwa kwe-notch, nomkhawulo owakhiwe.

K: U-K unguzakwethu wombala obomvu, ofanekisela insimbi ecijile. Lezi zinto zilula ukukhiqiza ama-chips amafushane. I-cast iron inezinhlobo eziningi. Eminye yayo ilula emishinini, efana ne-grey cast iron kanye ne-malleable cast iron, kanti eminye efana ne-nodular cast iron, compact cast iron, ne-austempered cast iron kunzima ukuyifaka.

N: I-N ihlale iboniswa ngombala oluhlaza nezinsimbi ezingenayo ayoni. Zithambile, futhi zihlanganisa ezinye izinto ezivamile, njenge-aluminium, ithusi, ithusi, njalonjalo.

S: I-S ibonisa umbala osawolintshi nama-alloys amakhulu kanye ne-titanium, okuhlanganisa izinto ezisekelwe kunsimbi ezinengxubevange ephezulu, izinto ezisekelwe ku-nickel, izinto ezisekelwe ku-cobalt, nezinto ezisekelwe ku-titanium.

H: insimbi empunga neqinile. Leli qembu lezinto zokwakha kunzima ukulisebenzisa.

Umaunentshisekelo emikhiqizweni ye-tungsten carbide futhi ufuna ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nemininingwane, UNGATHINTA NATHI ngocingo noma nge-imeyili kwesokunxele, noma SITHUMELE IMEYILI ezansi kwekhasi.