Ma'anar Taurin

2022-10-21 Share

Ma'anar Taurin

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A cikin kimiyyar kayan aiki, taurin ma'auni ne na juriya ga nakasar filastik da ta haifar ta hanyar shigar da injina ko abrasion. Gabaɗaya, abubuwa daban-daban sun bambanta a cikin taurin su; misali karfen karfe irin su titanium da beryllium sun fi karafa masu laushi irin su sodium da tin karfe, ko itace da robobi na kowa. Akwai ma'auni daban-daban na taurin: taurin karce, taurin shigar ciki, da taurin dawowa.


Misalai na yau da kullun na abubuwa masu wuya su ne yumbu, siminti, wasu karafa, da abubuwa masu wuyar gaske, waɗanda za a iya bambanta su da abubuwa masu laushi.


Babban nau'ikan ma'aunin taurin

Akwai manyan nau'ikan ma'aunin taurin guda uku: karce, shigar ciki, da sake dawowa. A cikin kowane ɗayan waɗannan nau'ikan ma'auni, akwai ma'aunin ma'auni guda ɗaya.


(1)Taurin kai

Taushin gogewa shine ma'aunin yadda samfurin ke jure karye ko nakasar filastik ta dindindin saboda gogayya daga abu mai kaifi. Ka'idar ita ce, wani abu da aka yi da abu mai wuya zai taso wani abu da aka yi da abu mai laushi. Lokacin gwada sutura, karce taurin yana nufin ƙarfin da ake buƙata don yanke ta cikin fim ɗin zuwa ƙasa. Gwajin da aka fi sani da shi shine ma'aunin Mohs, wanda ake amfani dashi a cikin ma'adinai. Ɗayan kayan aiki don yin wannan ma'auni shine sclerometer.


Wani kayan aiki da ake amfani da shi don yin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen shine gwajin taurin aljihu. Wannan kayan aiki ya ƙunshi hannu mai ma'auni tare da alamun kammala karatun da aka haɗe zuwa karusar ƙafa huɗu. An ɗora kayan aiki mai kaifi mai kaifi a wani kusurwa da aka ƙaddara zuwa saman gwaji. Don yin amfani da shi ana ƙara nauyin da aka sani a hannun ma'auni a ɗaya daga cikin alamomin da aka kammala karatun, sa'an nan kuma an zana kayan aiki a saman filin gwaji. Yin amfani da nauyi da alamomi suna ba da damar yin amfani da matsa lamba da aka sani ba tare da buƙatar injuna masu rikitarwa ba.


(2)Taurin kai

Taurin shiga yana auna juriyar samfurin zuwa nakasar abu saboda yawan matsi daga wani abu mai kaifi. Ana amfani da gwaje-gwaje don taurin indentation da farko a aikin injiniya da ƙarfe. Gwaje-gwajen suna aiki akan ainihin ma'auni na auna ma'auni mai mahimmanci na indent ɗin da aka bari ta musamman mai girma da ɗorawa.

Ma'aunin taurin shigar da aka saba shine Rockwell, Vickers, Shore, da Brinell, da sauransu.


(3) Maimaita taurin

Taurin sake dawowa, wanda kuma aka sani da taurin ƙarfi, yana auna tsayin "billa" na guduma mai lu'u-lu'u da aka faɗo daga tsayayyen tsayi akan abu. Irin wannan taurin yana da alaƙa da elasticity. Na'urar da ake amfani da ita don ɗaukar wannan ma'aunin ana kiranta da stereoscope.


Ma'auni guda biyu waɗanda ke auna taurin sake dawowa sune gwajin taurin sake dawowa na Leeb da ma'aunin taurin Bennett.


Hanyar Tuntuɓar Tuntuɓi ta ultrasonic (UCI) tana ƙayyade taurin ta auna mitar sanda mai motsi. Sanda ya kunshi karfen karfe mai rawar jiki da lu'u-lu'u mai siffar pyramid wanda aka dora a gefe daya.


Vickers taurin zaɓaɓɓen kayan wuya da maɗaukakiyar ƙarfi

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Lu'u-lu'u shine abu mafi wahala da aka sani har yau, tare da taurin Vickers a cikin kewayon 70-150 GPa. Lu'u lu'u-lu'u yana nuna babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki da kaddarorin da ke rufe wutar lantarki, kuma an sa hankali da yawa wajen nemo aikace-aikace masu amfani na wannan kayan.


An samar da lu'u-lu'u na roba don dalilai na masana'antu tun daga shekarun 1950 kuma ana amfani da su a cikin nau'o'in aikace-aikace: sadarwa, Laser optics, kiwon lafiya, yankan, niƙa da hakowa, da dai sauransu. Lu'u-lu'u na roba kuma sune mabuɗin albarkatun kasa don masu yankan PDC.

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Idan kuna sha'awar masu yankan PDC kuma kuna son ƙarin bayani da cikakkun bayanai, kuna iya tuntuɓar mu ta waya ko wasiku a hagu, ko AIKA WASkon Amurka a kasan shafin.

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