Nā ʻāpana noi o ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe wela

I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻololi ʻia nā ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe wela mai nā kaʻina hana ʻino i paʻakikī i ka mālama ʻana, i mau mea hana pololei i hana ʻia ai ke kaʻina hana e noʻonoʻo i nā waiwai o nā mea i waiho ʻia a me nā uhi pono.

Ke hoʻomau nei ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe wela a ʻike ʻia nā noi hou no nā mea a me nā hale hoʻoheheʻe wela. E aʻo kākou i nā wahi noi nui o ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe wela.

1. Lewa

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe wela ma ke kahua mokulele, e like me ka hoʻopuʻi ʻana i nā pale pale wela (ka hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻana + ka papa honua ceramic) ma nā lau ʻenekini mokulele. ʻO ka pāpaʻi ʻana i ka plasma, nā papa hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka lapalapa ahi supersonic, e like me NiCoCrAlY a me CoNiCrAlY, a me ka papa honua seramika, e like me 8% Y0-ZrO(YSZ) oxide (loaʻa ʻia ka honua oxide) doping YSZ hoʻololi, e like me TiO+YSZ, YSZ+ A10 a i ʻole Ua aʻo ʻia hoʻi nā oxides-based lanthanum zirconate e like me La(ZoCe)024 ma ke ʻano he pale pale wela ma nā keʻena puhi ahi5. ʻO ke kumu nui rotor o nā helikopter no ka hana pūʻali koa ma nā wahi wao nahele e maʻalahi i ke one. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka HVOF a me ka pāhū ʻana o WC12Co hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i kona pale ʻana. Hoʻopili ʻo HVOF i ka uhi Al-SiC ma ka substrate alloy magnesium no ka mokulele, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa ʻaʻahu.

2. ʻOihana kila a me ka ʻaila

ʻO ka ʻoihana hao a me ke kila he kahua koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wela wela, a ʻo ia ka lua o ka ʻoihana nui loa ma Kina ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wela ma ka ʻoihana mokulele. I ka makahiki 2009, he 47% ka nui o ke kila kila ma ka honua. He ʻāina kila maoli nō ia, ʻaʻole naʻe he hale mana kila. Pono e lawe ʻia mai kekahi mau kila kiʻekiʻe i ka nui. ʻO kekahi o nā kumu koʻikoʻi ʻo ia ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka wai wela o Kina i ka ʻoihana kila. E like me blast furnace tuyere, kiʻekiʻe-mehana wela annealing wili umu, wela wili pā conveying wili, kākoʻo wili, straightening roller, galvanized hāpai i ka wili, sinking roller, etc. e ho'ēmi i nā kumukūʻai, E hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o nā huahana, a he nui nā pōmaikaʻi 19-0.

Ma ka hui ITSC 2011, ua noiʻi ka loea Iapana ʻo Namba i nā patent e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻoheheʻe wela i ka ʻoihana kila ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Hōʻike nā hopena noiʻi mai ka makahiki 1990 a hiki i 2009, ua helu ʻia nā patent Kepani no 39%, ʻo 22% ka US patents, 17% nā patent ʻEulopa, 9% nā patents Kina, 6% nā patents Korean, 3 mau patents Russian. %, He 3% ka patent Brazilian, a he 1% ka patent India. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻāina i kūkulu ʻia e like me Iapana, ʻEulopa, a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka wela ma ka ʻoihana kila ma Kina, a he nui ka wahi hoʻomohala.

ʻO nā hōʻike kikoʻī e pili ana i ka hālāwai pū kekahi me nā pauka NiCrAlY a me YO ma ke ʻano he mea maka, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā pauka spray NiCrAlY-Y0 e ka agglomeration sintering a me nā ʻano hui ʻana, a ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā uhi e HVOFDJ2700 spray gun. E hoʻohālikelike i ka anti-buildup o nā ʻōwili umu ma ka ʻoihana kila. Hōʻike nā hopena noiʻi ʻo ka uhi pauda i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e ke ʻano sintering agglomeration he maikaʻi loa ke kūpaʻa anti-manganese oxide build-up, akā maikaʻi ʻole ka pale ʻana i ka hao oxide build-up. ʻO nā uhi i hoʻomākaukau ʻia mai nā pauka hui ʻia.

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe wela i ke kinoea, ka ʻaila pipeline, a me ka ʻili o ka ʻīpuka e hoʻopuʻi ana i ka anti-corrosion a me ka pale ʻana i ka lole, ʻo ka hapa nui o ia mau mea he HVOF spraying WC10Co4Cr coating.

3. ʻO ka ikehu hou, nā mea hana hou, a me nā turbine kinoea

Ua hoʻolālā ʻia nā ʻāpana wahie paʻa (SOFC) i ke kuhikuhi o nā papa pālahalaha a me nā pā lahilahi, me nā anodes, electrolytes, cathodes,a me nā papa pale. I kēia manawa, ua oʻo ka hoʻolālā waiwai a me ka ʻenehana hana ʻana o nā wahie wahie paʻa, a ʻo ka pilikia nui ka pilikia hoʻomākaukau. ʻO ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe wela (ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa plasma spraying, vacuum plasma spraying) ua lilo i ʻenehana kaulana loa. ʻO ka hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻana o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka wela ma SOFC ʻo ia ka noi hou o ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe wela i ka ikehu hou, a ke paipai nei hoʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe pili. No ka laʻana, ka plasma sprayed LaSrMnO (LSM) spray material, ua hoʻomaka mua ka hui German HC.Starck i ka hana a kūʻai aku i kēia mea a me nā mea pili. Ua hoʻohana pū nā mea noiʻi i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka plasma wai e hoʻomākaukau ai i ka mea electrode LiFePO no nā pā lithium-ion. nā hōʻike noiʻi pili.

ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe wela mai ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā mea hana. E loaʻa i kēlā me kēia hālāwai kūkā wela wela nā hōʻike e pili ana i nā mea hana hou e pili ana. Ma muli o kona haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka hoʻolālā kiʻekiʻe, hiki i ka K2 spray gun no ka GTV HVOF spraying hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe i nā ʻāpana metala e like me nā uhi Cu, a ʻo ka ʻike o ka oxygen o ka uhi ʻana he 0.04% wale nō, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hoʻoheheʻe anu. Ke hoʻohana nei i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe HVOF kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke piʻi i ka 1 ~ 3MPa ke keʻena puhi ahi, a ʻo ke kahe o ka lapalapa he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, e pīpī ana i ka pauka stainless steel 316L, hiki i ka deposition pono ke hiki i 90%.

Ua hoʻomaka ʻia nā ʻōpala turbine ʻenehana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana pale wela plasma-sprayed, e like me YSZ, LazZrzO, SmzZrzO, GdzZr20 coating system, i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma nā ʻāina ʻē a i kēia manawa he kahua noiʻi kaulana i Kina.

4. Ke kū'ē i ka lole mīkini

He mea koʻikoʻi ka ʻenehana hoʻomaʻamaʻa wela i kēlā me kēia hui honua e pili ana i ka pale ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu no ka mea ʻaneʻane nā mea hana a pau i ka lole a me ka waimaka, a ʻo ka hoʻoikaika ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā ʻano o ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka hoʻomohala ʻenehana, ʻoi loa me ka ʻenehana he ākea o nā noi i loko o ka ʻoihana pale lole a hoʻolaha pū i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe wela. ʻO ka mea hoʻohana nui loa i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lole pale pale: ʻo ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana (flame spraying + remelting) NiCrBSi alloys, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia a aʻo ʻia i loko o ke kahua pale ʻaʻahu, e like me ka HVOF e kāpīpī i ka uhi FeCrNBC, arc spraying NiCrBSi after remelting Research. ma ka microstructure a me ke kū'ēʻana i ka lole, a pēlā aku; ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe HVOF, ka hoʻoheheʻe anuanu i ka tungsten carbide-based coatings, a me ka chromium carbide-based coatings ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia a noiʻi ʻia ma ke kahua o ka pale ʻana i ka lole; ʻO kaʻoihana kiʻekiʻe o Kina tungsten carbide-based spray powders hilinaʻi ma luna o ka laweʻia mai, e like me ka mokulele Ka hoʻopuʻiʻana i ka hāʻuleʻana o ke kiʻikuhi, ke kuʻekuʻe wāwae, corrugating roller, a me nā mea'ē aʻe. aia kekahi mau koi hou no ka tungsten carbide-based spraying powder, e like me ke koi nui o ka pauka -20um + 5um.

5. Nā nanostructure a me nā mea hou

ʻO nā uhi Nanostructured, pauka, a me nā mea hou ka mea nui o ka noiʻi honua i nā makahiki. Hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka uhi ʻana o Nanostructured WC12Co e HVOF spraying. ʻO ka nui o ka nui o ka pauka i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia he -10μm + 2μm, a ʻo ka nui o ka palaoa WC he 400nm. ʻO ka hui German DURUM i hana ʻenehana. Ua aʻo ʻo Me lenvk i ka pauka WC10Co4Cr i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka tungsten carbide me nā ʻano nui o ka palaoa e like me nā mea maka, e like me ka nui o ka palaoa WC> 12um (ka mea maʻamau), ka nui o ka palaoa WC 0.2 ~ 0.4um (ke ʻano o ka palaoa maikaʻi), ka nui o ka palaoa WC ~ 0.2um (Ultra-fine grain structure); ʻO ka nui o ka palaoa WC

12um (ka mea maʻamau), ka nui o ka palaoa WC 0.2 ~ 0.4um (ke ʻano o ka palaoa maikaʻi), ka nui o ka palaoa WC ~ 0.2um (Ultra-fine grain structure); ʻO ka nui o ka palaoa WC

6. Biomedical a pai pepa

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka ʻenehana ʻenehana wela i ka ʻoihana lapaʻau, e like me ka vacuum plasma, HVOF sprayed Ti, hydroxyapatite, a me ka hydroxyapatite + Ti coatings i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻoihana olakino (dental, orthopedics). ʻO ka pahū ʻana o TiO2-Ag, e like me ka waiho ʻana ma luna o nā coils Cu o nā ea ea, hiki ke pale i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi bacteria a mālama i ka maʻemaʻe.