Ukujika kwe-CNC

Kule mihla, zininzi iindlela zokulungisa ziye zavela, njengokujika, ukungqusha, ukukroba, kunye nokuthunga. Kodwa zahlukile izixhobo, usebenzisa iindlela, kunye workpiece ukuba ngoomatshini. Kweli nqaku, uya kufumana ulwazi oluninzi malunga nokujika kwe-CNC. Kwaye le yimixholo ephambili:

1. Yintoni i-CNC ejikayo?

2. Izinto eziluncedo zokujika kwe-CNC

3. Isebenza njani iCNC turning?

4. Iintlobo zemisebenzi yokuguqula i-CNC

5. Izinto ezifanelekileyo zokujika kwe-CNC

Yintoni i-CNC ejikayo?

Ukujika kwe-CNC yinkqubo echaneke kakhulu kwaye esebenzayo yokunciphisa i-machining esebenza kumgaqo womatshini we-lathe. Kubandakanya ukubeka isixhobo sokusika ngokuchasene ne-workpiece yokuguqula ukususa izinto kunye nokunika imilo oyifunayo. Yahluke kwi-CNC yokusila kunye nezinye iinkqubo ze-CNC ezithathayo ezihlala zikhusela i-workpiece ebhedini ngelixa isixhobo sokujikeleza sisika izinto, ukujika kwe-CNC kusebenzisa inkqubo ebuyela umva ejikeleza i-workpiece ngelixa i-bit yokusika ihlala imile. Ngenxa yendlela yokusebenza kwayo, ukujika kwe-CNC ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-cylindrical okanye i-oblong-shaped components. Nangona kunjalo, inokwenza iimilo ezininzi ezine-axial symmetries. Ezi milo ziquka iicones, iidiski, okanye indibaniselwano yeemilo.

Izinto ezilungileyo zokujika kwe-CNC

Njengenye yeenkqubo eziluncedo kakhulu, indlela yokuguqula i-CNC ifumana inkqubela phambili ngophuhliso lwenzululwazi nobuchwepheshe. Ukujika kwe-CNC kuneenzuzo ezininzi njengokuchaneka, ukuguquguquka, ukhuseleko, iziphumo ezikhawulezayo, kunye nokunye. Ngoku siza kuthetha ngale nto nganye nganye.

Ukuchaneka

Umatshini wokuguqula i-CNC unokwenza imilinganiselo echanekileyo kwaye uphelise iimpazamo zabantu usebenzisa iifayile zeCAD okanye zeCAM. Iingcali zinokuzisa ukuchaneka okuphezulu kakhulu zisebenzisa oomatshini bokusika, nokuba kukuveliswa kweeprototypes okanye ukugqitywa kwawo wonke umjikelo wemveliso. Konke ukusika kuchanekile kuba umatshini osetyenziswayo ucwangcisiwe. Ngamanye amazwi, isiqwenga sokugqibela ekuqhutyweni kwemveliso siyafana nesiqwenga sokuqala.

Ukuba bhetyebhetye

Amaziko aguqukayo aza ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo ukulungiselela ukuguquguquka kwezicelo zakho. Uhlengahlengiso lulula kuba imisebenzi yalo matshini icwangciswe kwangaphambili. Umsebenzisi unokugqiba icandelo lakho ngokwenza uhlengahlengiso oluyimfuneko kwinkqubo yakho yeCAM okanye nokuba wakhe into eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Ke ngoko, unokuthembela kwinkampani yeenkonzo zoomatshini beCNC echanekileyo ukuba ufuna iindawo ezininzi ezizodwa.

Ukhuseleko

Iifemu ezivelisayo zithobela imithetho nemigaqo engqongqo yokhuseleko ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko olupheleleyo. Ekubeni umatshini wokujika uzenzekelayo, umsebenzi omncinci uyafuneka kuba umqhubi ukhona kuphela ukujonga umatshini. Ngokukwanjalo, umzimba we-lathe usebenzisa izixhobo ezivaliweyo ezivaliweyo ngokupheleleyo okanye ezivalelekileyo ukuthintela amasuntswana abhabhayo asuka kwinto esetyenzisiweyo kunye nokunciphisa ingozi kubasebenzi.

Iziphumo eziKhawulezayo

Kukho ithuba eliphantsi lempazamo xa imisebenzi echazwe yiprogram iqhutyelwa kwiilathe ze-CNC okanye amaziko okuguqula. Ngenxa yoko, lo matshini unokugqiba imveliso ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokuncama umgangatho wokugqibela. Okokugqibela, ungafumana amacandelo ayimfuneko ngokukhawuleza kunezinye iindlela.

Isebenza njani iCNC turning?

1. Lungisa inkqubo ye-CNC

Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise umsebenzi wokuguqula i-CNC, kufuneka ube nemizobo ye-2D yoyilo kuqala, kwaye uyiguqulele kwinkqubo ye-CNC.

2. Lungisa umatshini wokujika we-CNC

Okokuqala, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba umbane ucinyiwe. Kwaye emva koko ukhusele inxalenye kwi-chunk, layisha i-turret yesixhobo, uqinisekise ukulungelelaniswa okufanelekileyo, kwaye ulayishe inkqubo ye-CNC.

3. Yenza iinxalenye ze-CNC eziguqulweyo

Kukho imisebenzi yokuguqula eyahlukeneyo onokuyikhetha, kuxhomekeke kwisiphumo onqwenela ukusifumana. Kwakhona, ubunzima benxalenye buya kugqiba ukuba mingaphi imijikelo oya kuba nayo. Ubalo lwexesha lomjikelo luya kukunceda wazi ixesha lokugqibela elichithwe kwicandelo, elibalulekileyo kwiindleko caukubala.

Iintlobo zemisebenzi yokuguqula i-CNC

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo ze-lathe zokujika kwe-CNC, kwaye zinokufikelela iziphumo ezahlukeneyo.

Ukujika

Kule nkqubo, isixhobo sokuguqula inqaku elinye sihamba ecaleni kwendawo yokusebenza ukuze sisuse izinto kunye nokwenza izinto ezahlukeneyo. Iimpawu ezinokuthi zizenze ziquka iitapers, i-chamfers, amanyathelo, kunye neekhonto. Ukulungiswa kwezi mpawu ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka kubunzulu obuncinci be-radial bokusikiwe, kunye neendlela ezininzi ezenziwayo ukufikelela kwi-diameter yesiphelo.

Ukujongana

Ngethuba le nkqubo, isixhobo sokuguqula inqaku elinye siphuma ecaleni kwesiphelo sezinto. Ngale ndlela, isusa iileya ezibhityileyo zezinto, ibonelela ngeendawo ezigudileyo ezisicaba. Ubunzulu bobuso buhlala buncinci kakhulu, kwaye umatshini unokwenzeka kwindawo enye.

Grooving

Lo msebenzi ukwabandakanya intshukumo yeradial yesixhobo sokuguqula inqaku elinye kwicala lomsebenzi. Ngaloo ndlela, inqumla i-groove enobubanzi obulinganayo kwisixhobo sokusika. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukwenza izicucu ezininzi ukwenza ii-grooves ezinkulu kunobubanzi besixhobo. Ngokunjalo, abanye abavelisi basebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ukwenza iigrooves ezineejiometri ezahlukeneyo.

Ukwahlukana

Njenge-grooving, isixhobo sokusika sihamba ngokukhawuleza kwicala le-workpiece. Isixhobo se-single-point siqhubeka de sifikelele kwi-diameter yangaphakathi okanye kwiziko le-workpiece. Ke ngoko, iqhekeza okanye inqumle icandelo lemathiriyeli ekrwada.

Kuyadika

Izixhobo ezikruqulayo zingena kwisixhobo sokusebenza ukuze usike umphezulu wangaphakathi kwaye wenze iimpawu ezinje ngeetapers, iichamfers, amanyathelo kunye neecontours. Unokuseta isixhobo esikruqulayo ukusika i-diameter oyifunayo kunye nentloko edinayo edinayo.

Ukugrumba

Ukugaya kususa izinto kwiindawo zangaphakathi ze-workpiece usebenzisa i-drill bits standard. La masuntswana e-drill amile kwi-turret yesixhobo okanye i-tailstock yeziko lokujika.

Umsonto

Lo msebenzi usebenzisa isixhobo sokuthunga esinenqaku elinye elinempumlo etsolo ye-60. Esi sixhobo sihamba nge-axially ecaleni kwe-workpiece ukusika imisonto kumphezulu wangaphandle wecandelo. Oomatshini banokusika imisonto kubude obuchaziweyo, ngelixa ezinye iintambo zinokufuna ukudlula okuninzi.

Izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokujika kwe-CNC

Uluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo lunokuveliswa ngokujika kwe-CNC, njengesinyithi, iiplastiki, iinkuni, iglasi, i-wax, njalo njalo. Ezi zixhobo zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezi-6 zilandelayo.

P: P uhlala emi nombala obhulowu. Ikakhulu imele intsimbi. Eli lelona qela likhulu lezinto eziphathekayo, ukusuka kwi-non-alloyed kwi-high-alloyed material kuquka i-steel casting, i-ferritic kunye ne-martensitic stainless steels, i-machinability yayo ilungile, kodwa iyahluka kwizinto ezinobunzima kunye nomxholo wekhabhoni.

M: M kunye nombala otyheli ubonisa intsimbi engatyiwa, edityaniswe ubuncinane nge-12% yechromium. Ngoxa ezinye ii-alloys zingabandakanya i-nickel kunye ne-molybdenum. Inokuveliswa kwizinto ezininzi phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ne-ferritic, martensitic, austentic, kunye neemeko ze-derritic. Zonke ezi zixhobo zinento efanayo, oko kukuthi imiphetho yokusika ibonakaliswe kwintliziyo enkulu, ukugqoka i-notch, kunye nokwakhiwa kwe-edge.

K: U-K liqabane lombala obomvu, ofuzisela intsimbi. Ezi zixhobo kulula ukuvelisa iitshiphusi ezimfutshane. Intsimbi yentsimbi ineentlobo ezininzi. Ezinye zazo zilula koomatshini, njengentsimbi ephoswe ngengwevu kunye nentsimbi ekhatywayo ethambileyo, ngelixa ezinye ezinje ngentsimbi yamaqhuqhuva, intsimbi edityanisiweyo, kunye nentsimbi yentsimbi kunzima ukuyitshintsha.

N: I-N isoloko iboniswa ngombala oluhlaza kunye neentsimbi ezingenayo i-ferrous. Zithambile, kwaye ziquka ezinye izinto eziqhelekileyo, ezifana ne-aluminium, ubhedu, ubhedu, njalo njalo.

S: I-S ibonisa umbala we-orange kunye ne-super alloys kunye ne-titanium, kubandakanywa izinto ezisekelwe kwi-iron-alloyed, izinto ezisekelwe kwi-nickel, izinto ezisekelwe kwi-cobalt, kunye nezinto ezisekelwe kwi-titanium.

H: intsimbi engwevu kwaye eqinile. Eli qela lezinto eziphathekayo kunzima umatshini.

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